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qiskit-sim-mcp

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that lets Claude Desktop create, visualize, and simulate quantum circuits using Qiskit and Qiskit Aer.

What It Does

Once connected to Claude Desktop, you can have natural conversations like:

  • "Create a Bell state and simulate it with 1024 shots"

  • "Show me the GHZ circuit diagram"

  • "Run the Bell state with high noise and explain what changed"

  • "Create a custom circuit from this QASM string"

Claude will call the underlying tools automatically — no manual tool invocation needed.

Related MCP server: Qiskit MCP Server

Features

  • 3 Tools: create_circuit, visualize_circuit, run_simulation

  • 5 Preset Circuits: Bell state, GHZ-3, Superposition, Deutsch-Jozsa, Random-4

  • Custom QASM: Accepts any valid OpenQASM 2.0 string

  • Noise Modeling: Ideal, low noise (p=0.001), high noise (p=0.01) via depolarizing error

  • 1 Resource: resource://noise-presets — lists available noise configurations

  • 1 Prompt: simulate_walkthrough — guided conversation template

Requirements

Setup

1. Clone the Repository

git clone <repo-url>
cd qiskit-sim-mcp

2. Install Dependencies

pip install -e .

This installs mcp[cli], qiskit, and qiskit-aer into your Python environment.

3. Verify the Installation

python -c "
import asyncio
from quantum_mcp_demo.server import mcp

tools    = asyncio.run(mcp.list_tools())
resources = asyncio.run(mcp.list_resources())
prompts  = asyncio.run(mcp.list_prompts())

print('Tools:',     [t.name for t in tools])
print('Resources:', [r.uri  for r in resources])
print('Prompts:',   [p.name for p in prompts])
"

Expected output:

Tools: ['create_circuit', 'visualize_circuit', 'run_simulation']
Resources: [AnyUrl('resource://noise-presets')]
Prompts: ['simulate_walkthrough']

4. Test with MCP Inspector (Optional)

uv run mcp dev src/quantum_mcp_demo/server.py

Open http://localhost:6274 in your browser. Use the Tools tab to call each tool manually before connecting to Claude Desktop.

5. Connect to Claude Desktop

Find your Claude Desktop config file:

OS

Path

macOS

~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json

Windows

%APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json

Add this entry inside the mcpServers object:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "qiskit-sim-mcp": {
      "command": "/opt/anaconda3/bin/python",
      "args": [
        "-m",
        "quantum_mcp_demo.server"
      ]
    }
  }
}

Note: Replace /opt/anaconda3/bin/python with your actual Python path. Run which python to find it.

6. Restart Claude Desktop

Quit Claude Desktop completely (Cmd+Q on macOS), then reopen it. In a new conversation, the hammer icon (🔨) in the chat input confirms MCP tools are loaded.

Usage Examples

Bell State Simulation

"Create a Bell state circuit, show me the diagram, then simulate it 1024 times with ideal and high noise."

Claude will call:

  1. create_circuit(preset="bell") → gets a circuit_id

  2. visualize_circuit(circuit_id=...) → shows the H + CNOT gate diagram

  3. run_simulation(circuit_id=..., shots=1024, noise_preset="ideal") → ~50% |00⟩, ~50% |11⟩

  4. run_simulation(circuit_id=..., shots=1024, noise_preset="high_noise") → degraded counts, |01⟩ and |10⟩ appear

Custom QASM Circuit

"Run this circuit: OPENQASM 2.0; include "qelib1.inc"; qreg q[2]; creg c[2]; h q[0]; cx q[0],q[1]; measure q -> c;"

Claude parses the QASM string and runs it through the same simulation pipeline.

Noise Comparison

"Compare the GHZ state under ideal vs high noise — what does the noise do to the entanglement?"

Project Structure

src/quantum_mcp_demo/
├── server.py              # MCP server entry point
├── circuits/
│   ├── presets.py         # 5 named preset circuits
│   └── store.py           # In-memory circuit storage (UUID-keyed)
├── tools/
│   ├── create_circuit.py  # Tool: create from preset or QASM
│   ├── visualize.py       # Tool: HTML diagram + gate JSON
│   └── simulate.py        # Tool: AerSimulator + noise modeling
├── resources/
│   └── noise_presets.py   # Resource: noise configuration list
├── prompts/
│   └── walkthrough.py     # Prompt: guided simulation conversation
└── utils/
    ├── serialization.py   # numpy → Python int conversion
    └── errors.py          # MCP error response builder

Preset Circuits

Preset

Qubits

Demonstrates

bell

2

Entanglement — 50/50 split on |00⟩ and |11⟩

ghz_3

3

Multi-qubit entanglement

superposition

1

Equal superposition via Hadamard

deutsch_jozsa

3

Quantum algorithm — interference

random_4

4

Noise stress test — fixed-seed random gates

Noise Presets

Preset

Depolarizing p

Description

ideal

none

Perfect simulation

low_noise

0.001

Realistic near-term device

high_noise

0.01

Aggressive noise — visible degradation

Troubleshooting

Claude Desktop doesn't show the hammer icon

  • Quit and fully relaunch Claude Desktop after editing the config

  • Check the config JSON is valid (no trailing commas)

  • Verify the Python path: which python

python -m quantum_mcp_demo.server fails

  • Make sure you ran pip install -e . from the project root

  • Confirm Python version: python --version (needs 3.13+)

Port conflict when running MCP Inspector

kill -9 $(lsof -t -i :6274) 2>/dev/null; kill -9 $(lsof -t -i :6277) 2>/dev/null

Simulation returns unexpected counts

  • Shot count mismatches are caught automatically and returned as isError: true

  • Try reducing shots (e.g. 512) if you see errors

Available Tools

3 tools
create_circuitA

Create a quantum circuit from a named preset or an OpenQASM 2.0 string. Provide exactly one of: preset (bell|ghz_3|superposition|deutsch_jozsa|random_4) or qasm.

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
presetNo
qasmNo

Output Schema

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescription
resultYes

TDQS

A3.8/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description must carry full burden. It only states 'create', which implies mutation, but does not disclose side effects, permissions, rate limits, or whether the operation is reversible. Minimal behavioral context beyond the action.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is two sentences, front-loaded with purpose, and contains no unnecessary words. Every sentence adds value, making it highly concise.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness4/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given that an output schema exists (implied), the description need not explain return values. It covers the essential parameter modes and preset list. However, it lacks error handling guidance (e.g., what happens if both or neither are provided) and interaction with sibling tools, but the description remains adequate for a simple creation tool.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters4/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The schema has 0% description coverage, so the description compensates by specifying that exactly one parameter must be provided and listing the preset options. It clarifies that qasm is an OpenQASM 2.0 string, adding semantic value. However, it does not detail the format or constraints further.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool creates a quantum circuit from a named preset or an OpenQASM 2.0 string, listing specific preset options. This distinguishes it from siblings (run_simulation, visualize_circuit) which perform different actions.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage for circuit creation but does not explicitly state when to use this tool over alternatives or provide exclusions. It lacks guidance on prerequisites or context for using presets versus QASM.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

run_simulationA

Run a stored circuit on AerSimulator with optional depolarizing noise. noise_preset: ideal | low_noise | high_noise. Returns counts, probabilities, metadata.

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
circuit_idYes
shotsYes
noise_presetYes

Output Schema

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescription
resultYes

TDQS

A3.8/5.0
Behavior3/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, so the description carries the full burden. It mentions returns (counts, probabilities, metadata) but does not state whether the operation is read-only, has side effects, or requires specific permissions. The behavior is partially transparent.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is two sentences, front-loads the core purpose, and presents noise options succinctly. No wasted words.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

For a tool with 3 required parameters, no annotations, and an output schema, the description covers the platform and noise but omits parameter constraints and fails to distinguish output structure beyond mentioning three fields. It is adequate but not rich.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters2/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

With 0% schema description coverage, the description must compensate. It explains noise_preset with enumerated values, but leaves circuit_id and shots undocumented (no hint on circuit_id source or shots default/range). Only 1 of 3 parameters gains meaning.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the tool runs a stored circuit on AerSimulator with optional noise, and the verb 'Run' paired with 'stored circuit' distinguishes it from sibling tools 'create_circuit' and 'visualize_circuit'.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines4/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

The description implies usage context (run a stored circuit) and provides specific noise preset options (ideal, low_noise, high_noise), but does not explicitly exclude alternatives or state prerequisites like needing a pre-existing circuit.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

visualize_circuitB

Visualize a stored circuit as HTML and a structured gate list for narration.

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescriptionDefault
circuit_idYes

Output Schema

ParametersJSON Schema
NameRequiredDescription
resultYes

TDQS

B3.4/5.0
Behavior2/5

Does the description disclose side effects, auth requirements, rate limits, or destructive behavior?

No annotations are provided, and the description does not disclose behavioral traits such as whether the operation is read-only, any side effects, or prerequisites (e.g., circuit must exist). This leaves uncertainty about its safety and failure modes.

Agents need to know what a tool does to the world before calling it. Descriptions should go beyond structured annotations to explain consequences.

Conciseness5/5

Is the description appropriately sized, front-loaded, and free of redundancy?

The description is a single, efficient sentence with no unnecessary words. It front-loads the key action and outputs.

Shorter descriptions cost fewer tokens and are easier for agents to parse. Every sentence should earn its place.

Completeness3/5

Given the tool's complexity, does the description cover enough for an agent to succeed on first attempt?

Given the presence of an output schema and no annotations, the description is adequate but incomplete. It fails to specify error conditions, the format of the gate list, or prerequisite existence checks for the circuit.

Complex tools with many parameters or behaviors need more documentation. Simple tools need less. This dimension scales expectations accordingly.

Parameters2/5

Does the description clarify parameter syntax, constraints, interactions, or defaults beyond what the schema provides?

The single parameter 'circuit_id' has 0% schema description coverage, and the description does not add any meaning beyond the schema's title. No guidance on what constitutes a valid circuit_id or how to obtain it.

Input schemas describe structure but not intent. Descriptions should explain non-obvious parameter relationships and valid value ranges.

Purpose5/5

Does the description clearly state what the tool does and how it differs from similar tools?

The description clearly states the verb 'visualize' and resource 'stored circuit', and specifies the output as HTML and a gate list for narration. This distinguishes it from siblings 'create_circuit' and 'run_simulation'.

Agents choose between tools based on descriptions. A clear purpose with a specific verb and resource helps agents select the right tool.

Usage Guidelines3/5

Does the description explain when to use this tool, when not to, or what alternatives exist?

No explicit when-to-use or when-not-to-use guidance is provided. Usage is implied by the context of having a stored circuit to visualize, but alternatives like run_simulation are not differentiated.

Agents often have multiple tools that could apply. Explicit usage guidance like "use X instead of Y when Z" prevents misuse.

Tool Schema Changelog

Recent tool additions, removals, and schema changes observed during successful MCP inspections. Dates show when Glama detected each change.

  1. 3 tool updatesv0.1.0
    • First observedcreate_circuit
    • First observedrun_simulation
    • First observedvisualize_circuit

TDQS

A3.9/5.0
Disambiguation5/5

Each tool addresses a distinct phase of quantum circuit workflow: creation, simulation, and visualization. No overlap in functionality.

Naming Consistency5/5

All tools follow a consistent verb_noun convention (create_circuit, run_simulation, visualize_circuit), making their purpose immediately clear.

Tool Count4/5

Three tools cover the core lifecycle adequately. While more tools (e.g., list, delete) could be added, the current count is reasonable for a focused server.

Completeness4/5

The tools enable creating, running with noise, and visualizing circuits. Missing operations like listing or deleting circuits are minor gaps but do not severely hinder basic usage.

Maintenance

ActivityInactive
ResponsivenessSyncing

Resources

Unclaimed servers have limited discoverability.

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